With temperatures rising into the triple digits, heat exposure is a serious concern for us all. Extreme heat is the leading cause of weather-related death in the United States. Heat-related illnesses may include cramping, exhaustion, syncope (fainting or dizziness), nausea, rashes, muscle breakdown, and/or stroke. Sensitive populations -- such as the elderly, children, and those with diabetes -- are highly susceptible to heat--related illnesses.

Individuals should wear light-colored, lightweight, and loose-fitting clothing to minimize the effects of heat exposure. Hydration is a key. According to the US National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, fluid intake should be about 3.7 liters of fluids a day for men and 2.7 liters for women. A good rule of thumb is to drink half an ounce of water for each pound that you weigh. Remember to never leave children or pets in an unattended car or other vehicle as temperatures rise quickly and can be deadly.

Reducing exposure to outdoor temperatures and having access to air conditioning can provide relief. Harris County in partnership with Reliant Energy, Houston Health Department, and Precinct 2 have put together resources on Reliant’s Beat-the-Heat website including the locations of cooling centers: https://www.reliant.com/en/about/community/beat-the-heat

For those who work outdoors, rising temperatures can be deadly. Per OSHA, victims exposed to extreme heat must be moved to a cool area, then have outer layers of clothing especially heavy Personal Protective Equipment removed, ice or cold towels placed on the head, neck, trunk, and other sensitive areas of the body, and fans used to circulate the air. In extreme cases, submersion into cold water or an ice bath may be needed. Seek medical care or call 911 if you suspect someone is suffering confusion, slurred speech, or unconsciousness due to heat exposure as these are signs of heat stroke. Use caution with those not accustomed to working in extreme heat conditions.

Acclimation to hot work environment can take several days and is dependent upon the individual worker's body. Workers and supervisors should be trained to recognized heat hazards. Heat monitoring including body temperature monitoring may be required. Adequate rest, shade, and fluids should always be provided. Workers may also use personal cooling systems such as water-cooled garments, air-cooled garments, cooling vest, and wetted overgarments to protect against heat exposure.

Here at SSCI we ensure that all site-specific Health and Safety Plans include heat stress monitoring and work practices. We provide industrial hygiene services, including heat exposure monitoring, and are able to assist our clients in developing a safe and healthy work environment. Our team of technicians, engineers, and scientists are in the field daily, and we know the difficulties of working in extreme heat. Developing and maintaining a heat-stress training program at your workplace may be the difference between life and death.